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Drug comparison

Pazopanib vs Sunitinib: — Which Drug Suits You?

Both drugs block the same signalling pathway in kidney cancer, and head-to-head trial evidence shows similar tumour control. The meaningful difference between them is in which side effects you are more likely to experience — and that difference shapes the choice.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Bharati Devi Gorantla, Medical Oncologist, MBBS · MD · DM (Adyar, Chennai) · ECMO · MRCP SCE (UK) · Last reviewed August 2026

  • Same target, different tolerability — Both block VEGFR signalling in kidney cancer. The trial evidence for tumour control is similar. The side effect profiles are not.
  • Pazopanib is harder on the liver — Liver enzyme rises are more common with pazopanib. Regular blood tests are essential on either drug, but especially on pazopanib.
  • Sunitinib is harder on energy and blood counts — Fatigue and drops in white cells and platelets are reported more often with sunitinib. The 4-weeks-on, 2-weeks-off schedule provides a planned recovery window.
  • The choice is a clinical calculation — Your oncologist weighs your baseline liver function, your stamina, and your daily priorities before recommending one drug over the other.
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Pazopanib and sunitinib are both VEGFR inhibitors used mainly in kidney cancer. Head-to-head trial evidence shows similar tumour control. The main differences are in side effects: pazopanib is easier on fatigue and hand-foot skin, while sunitinib is easier on the liver. Your oncologist weighs your baseline health when choosing between them.

Pazopanib vs sunitinib: side by side

FeaturePazopanib (Votrient)Sunitinib (Sutent)
Main approved usesAdvanced kidney cancer (RCC); soft tissue sarcomaAdvanced kidney cancer (RCC); GIST after prior treatment
How it is taken800 mg tablet once daily, on an empty stomach50 mg capsule once daily
Dosing scheduleContinuous — every day without a break4 weeks on, 2 weeks off (standard); a continuous lower dose is sometimes used
FatigueLess commonly severe; better patient-reported scores in head-to-head dataMore frequently reported; a common reason for dose reduction
Hand-foot skin reactionLess frequentMore frequent; can be dose-limiting and affect walking
Liver (hepatotoxicity)More frequent; close monitoring of liver enzymes is essential throughoutLess frequent
Blood countsLess impact on white cells and plateletsNeutropenia and low platelets more common; raises infection risk
HypothyroidismOccurs with both drugsMore frequently reported; TSH checked regularly
Mouth sores (mucositis)Less frequentMore frequent
Hair colour changeDepigmentation (lightening) is commonLess common
CNS (brain) activityLimited penetration; not established for brain metastasesLimited penetration; not established for brain metastases
Generic available in IndiaYes — indicative cost; ask your oncology pharmacistYes — indicative cost; ask your oncology pharmacist

Which patient is better suited to pazopanib, and which to sunitinib?

Pazopanib tends to suit patients for whom fatigue and hand-foot skin reactions are a particular concern — people who cannot afford a significant drop in stamina, or whose daily life involves prolonged standing or walking.

Sunitinib tends to suit patients whose baseline liver enzymes are already mildly raised, since its hepatotoxicity risk is lower. The 4-weeks-on, 2-weeks-off schedule also suits some patients who benefit from a predictable recovery window each cycle.

Pazopanib is also the only one of the two approved for soft tissue sarcoma, which matters when both a kidney cancer and a sarcoma need to be treated under the same plan.

These are not rigid rules. Your oncologist will use your full clinical picture — liver function tests, fitness, other medicines you take, and your own priorities for daily life — to decide which is the better fit for you.

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Do pazopanib and sunitinib work equally well against kidney cancer?

The COMPARZ trial, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, compared the two drugs directly in advanced kidney cancer and found that pazopanib was non-inferior to sunitinib — meaning it performed at least as well within a pre-defined margin.

NCCN and ESMO guidelines list both drugs as first-line options for advanced clear-cell kidney cancer without ranking one above the other on tumour control.

The choice between them is therefore driven by tolerability and your individual profile, not by one drug being meaningfully more effective than the other for most people with this diagnosis.

Can either drug reach cancer that has spread to the brain?

Neither pazopanib nor sunitinib is an established treatment for kidney cancer that has spread to the brain. Both drugs have limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Brain metastases from kidney cancer are typically managed with stereotactic radiosurgery or, in some cases, whole-brain radiotherapy. Systemic therapy continues alongside, but it is not relied upon to control disease at that site.

If you have brain metastases or are worried about spread to the brain, ask your oncologist directly what the plan is for monitoring and treating that site. It is a separate clinical question from which systemic drug suits the rest of the body.

Did you know?

The COMPARZ trial is one of the very few direct head-to-head comparisons between two active cancer drugs in the same disease at the same stage.

Most oncology approvals are based on trials against a placebo or older standard — which makes COMPARZ unusually useful evidence for guiding the pazopanib-versus-sunitinib decision in clinic.

Source: Motzer et al., New England Journal of Medicine, 2013 (COMPARZ trial)

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Common questions

Frequently asked questions

My doctor prescribed pazopanib — does that mean sunitinib would not have worked for me?

Almost certainly not. The two drugs show similar tumour control in head-to-head trial data, so the prescription is most likely based on your liver function tests, your tolerance for fatigue, your dosing preference, or another clinical factor — not on one drug being more powerful for your specific cancer. Ask your oncologist which factors they weighed. That answer helps you understand the plan and lets you flag it if something changes, such as your liver results or energy levels.

Is the hand-foot skin reaction really that different between the two drugs?

Yes, and it is one of the most practically important differences. Hand-foot syndrome — redness, peeling and pain on the palms and soles — is reported more frequently with sunitinib, and can be severe enough to make walking painful. Pazopanib causes it less often. If you have a physically active job, existing foot problems, or are caring for a young child at home, that difference is worth raising with your team when the choice is being discussed.

My liver function test came back slightly raised. Can I still take pazopanib?

Your oncologist will assess this before starting either drug, because pazopanib in particular requires close liver monitoring throughout treatment. A mildly raised result at baseline does not automatically rule pazopanib out, but it changes how frequently you are monitored and may shift the balance toward sunitinib. Do not start either drug or adjust your dose on the basis of a blood test alone — that decision belongs with your treating team, who will weigh the liver result against everything else.

Can I switch from one drug to the other if I cannot tolerate it?

Switching is possible and does happen. If you have a significant liver reaction on pazopanib, sunitinib may be considered, and vice versa if you are struggling with fatigue or blood count effects on sunitinib. The decision depends on whether the drug was working, how severe the reaction was, and whether any contraindication to the second drug exists. Dose reduction is usually tried before switching. Report side effects early — early reporting is what keeps more options available.

Are cheaper generic versions of these drugs available in India?

Generic versions of both pazopanib and sunitinib are available in India, and the cost is substantially lower than the original branded versions. The exact cost varies by manufacturer, city, and whether you are accessing any patient assistance programmes. A specific price is not quoted here because it changes and varies significantly between centres. Ask your oncologist or the hospital pharmacist which formulations are currently available and whether any support schemes apply to your situation.

Will I take tablets every day, or is there a break built in?

That depends on which drug is prescribed. Sunitinib is typically given on a 4-weeks-on, 2-weeks-off schedule, which gives a planned recovery window each cycle — many patients find their energy and blood counts partially recover during that gap. Pazopanib is taken every day continuously, with no scheduled break. Both drugs are continued as long as they are working and you are tolerating them, and your oncologist reviews that decision regularly based on scans and blood tests.

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